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Bridge Abutment Means

Bridge Abutment is an element of a bridge, that gives vertical support to the bridge superstructure at the bridge ends, adjoins the bridge with the approach roadway, and maintains the roadway base materials from the bridge spans.

Several types of abutments can be sufficiently used for a particular bridge site. Economics is usually the major factor in selecting the type of abutment to be utilized.

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What Is a Bridge Abutment?

An abutment is an important part of a bridge, which vertically supports the structure of the bridge utilizing for circulating the weight of the bridge. The span of a bridge is associated with embankments by means of abutments.

Abutments Bridge are established on the ground surface. They adjoin the ground and deck of the bridge. The load or weight of the bridge deck is supported by the abutments.

Abutments are vertically positioned within the water or obstacle on a broad and heavy foundation. The abutments withstand the pressure exerted by water flow and soil due to their heavy weight.

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Uses Of Bridge Abutment

  • To transfer the loads from a superstructure to its foundation components.
  • To resist or transmit self-weight, lateral loads (such as the earth pressure) and wind loads.
  • To support one edge of an approach slab.
  • To protect a balance between the vertical and horizontal force elements of an arch bridge.

Selection Of Abutment

The process of choosing the most appropriate type of abutments can be based on the following consideration,

  • Construction and maintenance expenses.
  • Cut or fill earthwork situation.
  • Traffic maintenance during the construction.
  • Construction period.
  • Protection of construction workers.
  • Availability and expenditure of backfill material.
  • Superstructure depth.
  • Size of an abutment.
  • Horizontal and vertical alignment differences.
  • Area of excavation.
  • Aesthetics and similarity to adjoining structures.
  • Previous experience with the classification of the abutment.
  • Ease of access for assessment and maintenance.
  • Expected life, loading condition, and acceptability of deformations.
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